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In cases of hyphema, which is defined as the presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye, the primary goal is to prevent further bleeding and promote healing. Bed rest and elevation of the head are crucial because this position helps reduce intraocular pressure and minimize the chance of re-bleeding. Keeping the head elevated can also facilitate drainage and aid in the resolution of the hyphema.

While other options might be relevant in different contexts, they do not address the immediate needs associated with hyphema. For instance, surgical intervention might be necessary in cases of traumatic hyphema with an intraocular foreign body, but that's not a first-line treatment for uncomplicated hyphema. The application of a mydriatic agent, which dilates the pupil, is not commonly indicated as it may increase intraocular pressure. Similarly, patching both eyes can lead to further complications and is generally not recommended as it might restrict vision and ocular movement, which are important for assessing progress. Therefore, bed rest and head elevation remain the most appropriate and indicated treatment for managing hyphema.